China is accelerating its digital transition by abandoning Windows 10 in some of its government agencies. By aligning with a trend already largely underway in Europe, it opts for locally developed Linux systems. This decision primarily reflects a pronounced quest for digital sovereignty.
This change is not just a simple technological whim. It is a strategic maneuver aimed at securing sensitive infrastructures and reducing dependence on foreign tech giants. This advancement opens a new chapter for Linux on the global stage.
A major turning point: Windows 10 China Government Edition benched
Since 2016, a specialized version of Windows 10, dubbed China Government Edition, had been used by Chinese administrations. Co-developed with C&M Information Technologies (CMIT), a joint venture between Microsoft and a Chinese public group, this edition met strict requirements for security, activation, and functional management. It integrated Chinese cryptographic standards.
However, security has become a point of friction. Chinese authorities, without going into specifics, have expressed concerns about data protection under Windows. Microsoft defends itself by stating that this version still receives necessary updates. Yet, the originally planned deadline of February 2027 has been moved up to 2026, marking the end of an era.
Why is the choice of Linux now imperative?
For many, Linux evokes stability, transparency, and above all, complete user control of the system. For a state, it is the possibility to control at every level, from the kernel to applications, avoiding the “Black Box” often criticized in proprietary American systems.
China is no exception to this logic of digital sovereignty. The country had already begun the gradual withdrawal of foreign technologies from its critical systems. The adoption of Linux here, via distributions developed by local actors, maximizes security and independence.
Local contenders: Kylin OS and UOS in the lead to replace Windows
Two players stand out clearly: Kylin Software Co. with Kylin OS (not to be confused with the Ubuntu Kylin version) and Tongxin Software Technology offering UnionTech OS (UOS). Both have clearly targeted government markets and public enterprises.
Kylin OS, the result of a long maturation started on FreeBSD before becoming a fully fledged Linux distribution, offers several editions, including an open-source version accessible to all called openKylin. UOS, on the other hand, has solid roots in Deepin and Debian. These solutions are ready for large-scale adoption in demanding professional environments.
Daily integration by administrations: a technical and human challenge
Bankers, administrative agents, network engineers, all will have to navigate a new environment. This migration is not limited to a simple change of interface. It requires rethinking the integration of business applications, ensuring device compatibility, validating drivers, and above all, training users who are often accustomed to the Windows ecosystem.
Managing digital identities, compatibility with official document formats, and data recovery are all parallel challenges to be addressed. The speed of the transition suggests that these issues have been anticipated, relying on an advanced centralized infrastructure.
A global trend: one step closer to technological autonomy in 2026
It is no coincidence that China follows the European example by turning its back on Windows. Driven by security and political concerns, administrations worldwide are experiencing a rise in the use of open-source systems. This is a long-term masterstroke that could reshape the operating system industry.
It is important to note that this phase does not signify a total ban on Windows in China. Some private editions, such as Windows Home China 11, remain, limited to specific and often cloistered uses. The government is not shutting the door on all Microsoft software but is clearly affirming its choice for sovereign alternatives.
To delve deeper into this digital revolution, discover how this transition offers a historic opportunity for Linux to establish itself as a dominant OS in certain spheres by following this very comprehensive article.
The local cooperation in Linux development shows the importance of open source as a strategic lever, a fertile ground where innovation rhymes with autonomy.
Why is China abandoning Windows 10 in its administrations?
China prioritizes digital sovereignty and data security. Locally developed Linux ensures total control of the system and limits exposure to risks associated with foreign software.
Which Linux systems have been chosen to replace Windows?
The main distributions are Kylin OS and UnionTech OS (UOS). These systems are developed in China, tailored to the needs of administrations, and focused on stability and compatibility.
Is the migration to Linux simple?
Not at all. This transition requires application validation, staff training, driver management, and data recovery. It’s a real technical and human challenge.
Will Windows be completely banned in China?
No. Some editions of Windows, notably Windows Home China 11, remain available for specific uses. The transition mainly targets sensitive and governmental environments.
What is the significance of this approach for Linux?
This massive shift in the Chinese administration could propel Linux to a new scale, affirming its role in digital sovereignty and control over critical infrastructures.
Source: www.zdnet.fr